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in kirkuk province Dibis Dam is vulnerable to losing its reservoir capacity due to accumulation of sediments. The estimated year for this occurrence was found through scientific equations due to Vegetation growth in sediment deposits further restricts water flow. Without dredging operations, the reservoir would have reached full sedimentation by 2025 instead of 2065 suggested […]

Tritium (3H) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that occurs naturally and can also be produced through human activities, such as nuclear reactions and atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons. In drinking water, tritium is typically found in the form of tritiated water (HTO), where one or both hydrogen atoms in an H₂O molecule are replaced

The consumption of drinking water in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) surpasses international standards, with a daily production of 300 to 350 liters per person. Future challenges include climate change impacting rainfall patterns and temperature, increasing vulnerability to drought and environmental challenges, increasing water scarcity by region, population growth and urbanization, and competition for

Sediment yield can be defined as the amount of sediment reaching or passing a point of interest in a given period of time. It is estimated in tons per year or MCM per year or mm per year. However, sediment yield from a catchment is estimated as the annual average sediment yield computed from long-term historical

Water reuse is gaining momentum as a reliable freshwater source, shifting wastewater management from disposal to reuse and resource recovery. Effective management practices, technological innovation, and regulatory policies offer opportunities for water reuse. Reuse benefits include environmental protection, water scarcity, energy efficiency, and sustainability. The new framework for reuse includes water quality standards and the

Water conservation is about more than buying new gadgets, it’s about changing your habits. Obviously, if only 1% of clean on earth is drinkable and the population continues to grow, we have to reduce the consumption of clean water or find ways to reuse water. Presented by/ Dr. Jehan Mohammed Fattah